Japan, Tokyo

Country Full Name: Japan.

Country Location: Japan is an island chain between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean Peninsula.

Country Climate: Varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north.

Country Terrain: Mostly rugged and mountainous.

Country Major Languages: Japanese.

Country Major Religions: Shintoism, Buddhism.

Location Population: 13.186 Mil (2012 est.).

Country Economy: The economy of Japan is the second largest in the world, after the United States at around $5 trillion USD in terms of nominal GDP and third after the United States and China when adjusted for purchasing power parity. Banking, insurance, real estate, retailing, transportation, telecommunications and construction are all major industries. Japan has a large industrial capacity and is home to some of the largest, leading and most technologically advanced producers of motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles and processed foods. The service sector accounts for three quarters of the gross domestic product.

Country Currency: Japanese Yen (JPY).

Country Inflation: -0.3% (2012 est.).

Tokyo is the seat of the Japanese government.

Tokyo is one of the three world finance command centres, along with New York and London. Tokyo has the largest metropolitan economy in the world. Tokyo is a major international finance centre, houses the headquarters of several of the world's largest investment banks and insurance companies, and serves as a hub for Japan's transportation, publishing, and broadcasting industries.

The cost of living in Tokyo is very high compared to other places. This is based on a comparison of locally collected prices for defined quantities of the same goods and services, converted to USD. Sources include local service providers in each location, international service providers, official governmental statistics and global agency data. The data is quality assured and manually checked by Xpatulator Analysts. The prices of similar related items have been grouped together into 13 basket groups and the cost of living index calculated for each basket in each location. The 13 basket groups are the result of extensive research of actual spending habits ensuring the cost of living indexes reflect a reality-based international expenditure pattern. The cost of living index for each basket for Tokyo is only available using our online calculators.

The current overall cost of living rank (using all 13 baskets) for Tokyo is 3 out of 780 international locations covering every country in the world (rank 1 is most expensive: rank 780 is least expensive). The current cost of living rank for each basket is as follows:

Alcohol & Tobacco costs are very high compared to other places for items such as beer, spirits, wine and cigarettes. There are 118 places that are more expensive, and 661 places that are less expensive for alcohol and or tobacco.

Clothing costs are very high compared to other places for items such as business, casual and children's clothing and footwear. There are 46 places that are more expensive, and 733 places that are less expensive for clothing.

Communication costs are very high compared to other places for various communication costs such as home telephone rental, internet subscription, mobile tariff and data costs. There are 45 places that are more expensive, and 734 places that are less expensive for communication.

Education costs are average compared to other places for items such as creche / pre-school fees, primary school fees, high school fees and tertiary study fees. There are 333 places that are more expensive, and 446 places that are less expensive for education.

Furniture & Appliance costs are high compared to other places for items such as dining table and chairs, home entertainment, kitchen appliances, and sofa. There are 162 places that are more expensive, and 617 places that are less expensive for furniture and appliances.

Grocery costs are very high compared to other places for items such as consumables, cleaning products, dairy, fresh fruit & vegetables, general food products, snacks, soft drinks. There are 4 places that are more expensive, and 775 places that are less expensive for groceries.

Healthcare costs are very high compared to other places for doctor visit, hospital stay, non-prescription medicine, and medical insurance. There are 11 places that are more expensive, and 768 places that are less expensive for healthcare.

Household Accommodation costs are very high compared to other places for items such as apartment purchase, mortgage rate, rental, and utilities. There are 4 places that are more expensive, and 775 places that are less expensive for household accommodation.

Miscellaneous costs are very high compared to other places for items such as dry cleaning, linen, magazines, newspapers, office supplies, and postage stamps. There are 34 places that are more expensive, and 745 places that are less expensive for miscellaneous items.

Personal Care costs are very high compared to other places for items such as cosmetics, hair care, and toiletries. There are 101 places that are more expensive, and 678 places that are less expensive for personal care.

Recreation and Culture costs are very high compared to other places for items such as books, cinema, sport and theatre tickets. There are 70 places that are more expensive, and 709 places that are less expensive for recreation and culture.

Restaurants, Meals Out and Hotel costs are very high compared to other places for items such as hotel daily room rates, meals and beverages in restaurants, and take away food and beverages. There are 74 places that are more expensive, and 705 places that are less expensive for restaurants, meals out and hotels.

Transport costs are very high compared to other places for items such as fuel (petrol/gasoline), public transport, vehicle purchase and maintenance. There are 13 places that are more expensive, and 766 places that are less expensive for transport.

Hardship
Hardship in the context of an expatriate and their family refers to the degree of hardship they are likely to experience and the relative impact on their lifestyle in a host location. The degree of hardship correlates to the degree of difference between the home and host location. Hardship pay is compensation for the hardship likely to be endured during an international assignment in order to encourage people to move, in particular to less desirable locations.

Hardship factors include-:
Economic Factors: Such as poverty levels and level of service provision
Political Factors: Such as freedom/tolerance towards different points of view / lifestyle
Religious Factors: Such as freedom/tolerance towards different religions
Public Service Factors: Such as provision of water, electricity, sanitation, work permits etc
Environment/Climate Factors: Such as extreme weather
Personal Safety Factors: Such as personal safety / level of crime
Health Factors: Such as prevalence of disease and health standards
Education Factors: Such as education standards, prevalence of international schools
Transportation Factors: Such as prevalence of public transport, fuel and road safety.

The ratings for hardship are classified into four main groups and can be described as follows:
1) Minimal Hardship (10% Hardship Premium)
2) Some Hardship (20% Hardship Premium)
3) High degree of Hardship (30% Hardship Premium)
4) Extreme Hardship (40% Hardship Premium).

Tokyo is ranked as some hardship with a typical hardship premium of 20%.

Reference
The above information is updated quarterly using data collected over the previous 12 months. The international cost of living & hardship indexes are only available using our online expatriate calculators to enable users to create personalized cost of living comparison reports:

Salary Purchasing Power Parity Calculator
Cost of Living Index Calculator
Cost of Living Allowance Calculator

Published by Xpatulator.com on 1 April 2013.

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